Structure of a legal profession in the USA

In the United States is (all data in mind - at the end of 1990. In), about 986 000 lawyers, the vast majority of which were graded in the legal profession and hold a patent attorney - an essential requirement for any form of practical activities lawyer, only to scientific and teaching work there is no need for patent attorneys, although many lawyers-career scientists in the beginning rather pass admission procedure in the legal profession in the case of a transfer to practical work.

All the legal estate can be divided into three categories: lawyers-experts who are engaged in work directly related to the right, people who graduated from the lawyers, the performance of duties, it is not directly connected with the law, lawyers involved in the scientific - educational activity

The first category of the largest professional group of lawyers - private practicing lawyers; them in the U.S. in more than 700 000 people

advisors of corporations that are regular employees receive salaries of legal services business units have been distributed to all authorized attorney, they make up more than 10% of the total number of lawyers. Many public organizations with corporate status, which is a legal person are also lawyers. For example, very popular in the business of protecting the rights of black citizens received the National Association of Legal Fund to help the development of the black population. Since it was originally a legal advisory services of public organizations, the fund has been expanded and now occupies an independent position in relation to him.

a large group of lawyers of official bodies - the regular employees of the legal consultation department of the executive authorities, government administration, local government, legislature, and the staff and heads of state charges shape the department's lawyers "public defenders", such activity is to be paid from state budget . Police officers and bodies of research even have a diploma attorney, based on standards accepted by the American legal estate, not the lawyers believe that their workers are legal services (in the FBI, for example, has its own legal consultation department) is considered as the lawyers. The largest states'legal firm, the Ministry of Justice, succeeded ", the lawyer, " the government - general attorneem USA. Total is in the public service lawyers that 15% of all the number of attorneys, that the person who holds a patent attorney and the powers (of the third - in the federal ministries and departments) of

separate segment in a group of attorneys who are engaged in practical activities, judges make. On judicial posts jurists from among persons who have practical experience in legal affairs in the legal profession, business, legal services to state agencies, state benefits, or between skilled and authoritative law professors come. Federal Judges 1200 persons, state and local judges - about 30 000 in the vicinity of

In the system of military justice has been occupied around 4000 lawyers.

The second category of lawyers - those who resigned from the case law or science, and selected business or politics - not giving up on the statistical description. However, it is possible to provide the following information eloquent witness to the socio-political role of the owner of a diploma lawyers in the United States. Of the 42 American Presidents, 25 were lawyers, especially, attorneys by trade are A. Lincoln, FDRoosevelt, G. Truman, Nixon, R., B. Clinton. 2 / 3 senators and nearly half the members of the House of Representatives U.S. Congress - the lawyers. Owners award attorneys are half the state governors and 40% of the diplomats. About 45% of people who occupy the 60th more years of the government, were lawyers, and more than 25% came to the machines directly from the state attorneys office.

the third category of lawyers - those who are engaged in scientific and teaching work. number of teachers who work right in 181 officially recognized educational institution, it seems 5395 people. In addition, the combination of legal disciplines to learn than 4000 lawyers.

A person who has completed the legal education institution, usually, if not suddenly decide that an academic career, he started working in the legal profession or the courts as an official (referee, associate) uuređaj judges or for legal services, the body charged under the posts.

Solid partitions in groups of attorneys are directed to a person only once, does not exist: the legal estate in the U.S. high rotation and movement characteristic. The transition from private practice attorney in public service and back - a phenomenon extended. Often enough the work of state attorneys-scientists who are involved. Judges, who are stealing from the ranks of politically active and skilled lawyers. Many prosecutors become judges, although practice shows that the district attorneev lawyers consider posts as a springboard into politics, election to high office. Lawyers corporations often devote themselves to business activity in its entirety. More and more U.S. corporations brought to supervision posts of lawyers, in many corporations the chief legal advisers to the post as Executive Vice

lawyers serving corporate, directly or lawyers serving in the corporation, we call on the state of work in the administrative department regulates. After a certain term of work in these departments they come back to the monitoring posts in the corporation.

The most prestigious property legal work of a judge (especially federal, to lifelong post) is considered, a little more low, from the standpoint of prestige, corporate lawyers and lawyers-scientist (Professor of Law) turned away, still there are lawyers who work in the administrative departments of government agencies and employees. group of lawyers-politicians costs alone. His "cumulative" prestige measure political success separate personalities, who have reached heights in the state and politician.